Company of the Electromechanical Factories of Constructions

Ancestors of ours 

- Piotr Konstantynowicz who was born c. 1610 in the Minsk province; he lived in the Mscislau  province A.D. 1669 

- Augustin / Augustyn Rokoz Konstantynowicz (Augustyn was a clerk of the Lithuanian military  confederation since 1661 by 1667 and after a special envoy of Michal Pac to Moscow to ask tsar Aleksei / Aleksey to put up his son Feodor /  Fiodor III as a candidate to Polish election; the municipal and territorial writer in the Mscislau province, born c. 1635, had died 1713 or before  1713) 

- Adam  Konstantynowicz of 1697 

- Krzysztof  Konstantynowicz in 1697 

- Adam Franciszek Konstantynowicz A.D. 1707  

- Franciszek Rohoza Konstantynowicz near of kin with Holynski family from Soino (either Big  Soino or Voronove Slobody near by a  farm of Mielkovka = Mietkowka), and his siblings and Hurko family also (from  Krotowsza otherwise called Krynki  or  Krotovshe that belonged to Romejko - Hurko family in the Orsa district)  were in trouble  for this reason with Holynski  (Kazimierz  son of Stefan Kazimierz Holynski from Chlyszczewo i.e. Chwostowo close by  border between Belarus and  Russia, from  Soino and Uszpol) family after 1714.  
   The above Soino is situated 18 km east away from Mscislau, at territory of Russia now i.e. 7 km from present border; it was the Grand duchy of Lithuania 1359 - 1772 and next in Russia: the Mstislavl district, Soino region = "volost" that is similar to county, in a parish of Mscislau (archbishopric of Mahileu, in the Mscislau - Klimavicy catholic area were three parishes: Lozovica, Mscislau and Smolensk in the 19th cent.); one our leg lived in the territory of  present Belarus, but the second one stood  at the present land of Russia in borders after 1992. A fortunes of Poles in this remote easterly territories of the former Both Nations Republic turned out differently than by  Vistula, because not a few Poles had got to choose military service in the Russian Army since the end of the 18th cent. or they worked as engineers in different corners of former Russia since second half of the 19th century.

- Antoni Konstantynowicz signed the Second Manifesto of Lithuanian Nobility in 1763 

- Dominik Konstantynowicz / Константинович was born in the Mahileu (either Mogiliow or Mogiljow by Dnepr, Mogilev =  Mahilyow by Dnieper, Moghilev) Government in Russia near by Krycau / Krychaw c. 1805.
Grandson of Dominik Konstantynowicz that is Stanislaw Konstantynowicz / Константинович was owner of Miezonka - noble locality in east-central Belarus - ex Stefania Radziwill property.

1. Ludwig Adolf Peter zu Sayn-Wittgenstein born 1769 in Negine in the Kiev government; his wife Antuanetta Snarska / Antoinette Snarski born 1778 in Polock, her daughter Emilia Pietrovna Wittgenstein b. 1801, d. 1869, with husband Trubecki Piotr Ivanovich b. 1798, d. 1871; her chilidren: Piotr Trubecki / Trubeckoy b. 1822, Mikolaj / Nikolaj b. 1828, Aleksandr b. 1830, Olga b. 1838 with husband Dolgorukov.
2. Mikolaj / Nikolaj Trubecki b. 1828, with his wife Liubov Vasilievna Orlov - Denisov, b. 1828 died 1860 but not 1869, for example, son: Piotr Trubecki b. 1858 died 1911,
you see: http://de.rodovid.org/wk/Person:223460.
3. Stefania Wittgenstein b. Paris 1809, d. 1832, nee Radziwill - father Dominik Radziwill b. 1786, d. 1813; mother Teofila Morawska. Stefania was owner about 12000 km˛ that is 1 mln ha in Belarus and Lithuania. Her children: Piotr Wittgenstein b. 1831, Maria b. 1829 with husband Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst. Her husband from 1828 Ludwik Adolf  F. Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn (Ludwig Adolf  Friedrich zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn) born 8 June 1799 in Kowno, He was first son of Ludwik Adolf Piotr / Pjotr Christianovich zu Sayn und Wittgenstein / Пётр Христианович Витгенштейн, who was born 1769 in Pierejaslawl Zalesskij either Нежин / Negine or Переяславл, and died 11 June 1843 in Lwiw / Lwow. Mother of Stefania was daughter of count Финкснштейн.
4. Ludwig Adolf Peter zu Sayn-Wittgenstein born 1769 Negine in the Kiev government with his wife Antuanetta Snarskaja / Snarski (Polish roots) born 1778 Polock and her son Ludwig Adolf Friedrich zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, born 1799 Kowno, second son Stanislaw Piotrowicz Wittgenstein / Станислав Петрович Витгенштейн, born June 1800, Alexander zu Sayn-Wittgenstein born August 1803, Riga, and Georgij, Aleksiej and Nikolaj; her daughter Emilia Pietrovna Wittgenstein / Эмилия Петровна Витгенштейн b. 1801, d. 1869, with husband Trubecki Piotr Ivanovich b. 1798, d. 1871; her chilidren: Piotr b. 1822, Mikolaj / Nikolaj b. 1828 in Moscow, Aleksandr b. 1830, Olga b. 1838, husband Dolgorukov.
5. The director of the Moscow branch of the Imperial Russian Musical Society, Prince Mikolaj / Nikolai Trubetskoy / Nikolaj Pietrovich duke Trubecki with the first wife countess Liubov Vasilievna nee Orlov - Denisov, she born 1828 died 1860.
Liubov Vasilievna duchess Orlov - Denisov married Trubeckaya died 1860; a date of 1869 is error; her daughter Sofia Nikolajevna Trubeckaja married Glebova, b. 04 November 1854 died 7 September 1936; 5 October 1858 was born Pietr Nikolajevich Trubeckoj and Maria nee Trubecki / Trubeckaja born circa 1853!

Above named Mary Trubetskaya / Maria Trubecka born circa 1850 / 1853 was married to Konstantynowicz / Константинович / Konstantinovich (he was born ca 1840 / 1845) ca 1873, was living in Kazan in 1874 and she was the sister of Prince Pyotr Nikolayevich Troubetzkoy who was b. 1858 in Moscow - d. 1911; her grandfather - Lieutenant-General Prince Piotr Troubetzkoy 1798 - 1871, the owner of the estate near Moscow, Akhtyrka; after her mother's death, Pyotr together with his two sisters Sophia and Mary / Maria were living in a Uzkoje estate with countess S. V. Tolstoj since 1860 / 1861. A son of Maria Trubecka - Wiktor Konstantynowicz / Victor Konstantinovich / Константинович - was living in Piotrogrod / St Petersburg in 1917 and Tallinn after 1918 but 1924 he lived in the town of Viljandi. 

6. Children of the second wife Zofia Lopuchin from 1860 and Prince Mikolaj / Nikolai Trubetskoy / Nikolaj Pietrovich duke Trubecki: 1862 Sergiej / Siergiej, 1863 Evgenij, Marija / Maryna Trubecki b. 1877 - died 1924 or 1864 - died 1926 ('the second') married Kristi or Christi (the husband of Maria Nikolaevna Trubetskoy from April 1, 1881 became a cornet of the Guard Hussar Regiment, Grigory Christie b. 1856 d. 1911; but she was only 17? In 1902 - 1905 G. / Jerzy Christie has successfully taken the post of governor of Moscow; June 14, 1882 in Uzkoje, his son Vladimir was born, d. 1946), Grzegorz, and 'ru.rodovid.org' is informing only about 12 children but was 13, including two sisters from the first wife and son Pietr. Polish data base inf. only about the second wife of Mikolaj Trubecki!
Some false information about countess Sofia Vasilievna Tolstoi / Sofya Tolstaya / Tolstoj concern her life when she took children of her early deceased sister Princess Lyubov Vasilyevna Troubetzkoy (1828 - 1860), on the parenting: Sophia (1853 - 1936), Peter (1858 - 1911) and Mary (1860 - 1926, but here date of birth is false; Sofia Nikolajevna Trubeckaja married Glebova, b. 04 November 1854 died 7 September 1936 and Mary / Maria nee Trubecki was born ca 1853! next Marija / Maryna Trubecki b. 1864 - died 1926 and was married to Kristi or Christi), because the father, Prince Nikolai Petrovich Trubetskoy in 1861 married to Sophia Alexeevna Lopukhina, and from his second marriage he had ten children. For older Trubetskoy - Sophia - was Vladimir Glebov, the wedding was July 2, 1878.
So...
7. Liubov Vasilievna duchess Orlov - Denisov: her husband Nikolay Pietrovich Trubeckoj b. 1828 died 1900; his mother Emilia Wittgenstein b. 1801 died 1869; his father Pietr / Piotr Ivanovich Trubeckoj b. 1798. Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy in 1861 married again to Sophia Alekseevna Lopukhin b. 1841 died 1901; the second marriage of N. Trubetskoy had ten children that is half-brothers and sisters P. Trubetskoy.

A certain Konstantynowicz was gotten married with Oktawia Piottuch - Kublicki from Kublicze (= Kublicy) in accordance  with Boniecki; she was great-granddaughter of  

Stanislaw Duke Radziwill at Nieswiez / Nyasvizh  (b.1722) + Karolina nèe Pociej (b. 1732)  

and daughter of Jozef Piottuch - Kublicki of the Ostoja coat of arms (Oktawia born c. 1810, and Kublicy = Kublicze is situated in Uszacz region  = Ushachi, Usacy - that is west of Uszacz, the Witebsk / Vitsyebsk /  Vicebsk province, in district of Lepel / Lyepyel).  Mentioned Konstantynowicz / Константинович that was Dominik born c. 1805, exceptionally well-off man, the second husband of Oktawia Piottuch - Kublicki because Jozef  Szumski was the first one. It was plenty of conversations among families of Zarakowski and Konstantynowicz even in the  middle of the twentieth century about wealth of Dominik Konstantynowicz / Константинович.

Stanislaw Duke Radziwill at Nieswiez / Nyasvizh married to Karolina nee Pociej / Carolina Potsey / Potsiivna, b. 1732, died 1776. Her parents Aleksander Pociej b. 1698 died 1770 and mother Theresa Yasenitski born 1695 and died 1743. Stanislaw Duke Radziwill at Nieswiez born 8 May 1722 died 22 April 1787, son of Mikolaj Faustyn, and brother of Albrecht, Udalryk Krzysztof and Jerzy.
Duke Mikolaj Faustyn Radziwill b. 21 May 1688, son of Dominik Mikolaj b. 1643, who was brother of Michal Kazimierz Radziwill born 1625! Dominik Mikolaj b. 1643 was son of Aleksander Ludwik who was born 4 August 1594 and grandson of Mikolaj Krzysztof 'Sierotka'.
Aleksander Ludwik Radziwill was brother of Jan Jerzy, Zygmunt Karol, Albrecht Wladyslaw, and father of Dominik Mikolaj and Michal Kazimierz whos great-grandson was Hieronim Wincenty Radziwill, b. 1759 (his granddaughter was Stefania nee Radziwill).
Daughter of Karolina nee Pociej: in 1751 birth of Franciszka Theophile nee Radziwill married Soltan Stanislaw and her daughter
Karolina nee Soltan born ca 1780 with husband from ca 1800 / 1802 Jozef Piottuch-Kublicki from Kublicze with the Ostoja coat of arms, who was born ca 1780 and her children Emilia Piottuch-Kublicki ca 1803, Stanisław Piottuch-Kublicki ca 1804, Anna, Adolf Piottuch-Kublicki, Walentyna and Oktawia nee Piottuch-Kublicki from Kublicze born ca 1810. Oktawia nee Piottuch-Kublicki b. ca 1810 and married Jozef Szumski born ca 1800 and after married second time Dominik Konstantynowicz b. ca 1805.

   These spouses were related with: dukes Radziwill (one of richest person of Poland and Lithuania in eighteenth century, Stanislaw duke Radziwill was an immediate descendant of Aleksander Ludwik duke Radziwill - born  1594 - with "Trumpets" coat of arms and his wife Tekla nèe Wollowicz; also the descendant of  Mikolaj Krzysztof duke Radziwill  called  the "Black" born 1515 in Nieswiez  -  most influential man in Grand Principality of Lithuania in 16th cent. and an uncle of Barbara Radziwill), dukes Oginski, Szumski, Piottuch  (- Kublicki), Smokowski, Soltan, Pociej and Benislawski. 

   Note about the Piottuch - Kublicki family: 

   Ferdynand Piottuch - Kublicki, who was an activist of 1863 in the East Belarus, was friend of Artemiusz Viaryha - Dareuski from the  Vicebsk region and also Walerjan Weryho / Valerian Veryho (he was owner of the Stajki estate - South of Vicebsk, close to the Dymanowo station, where Russian police on 22nd April 1863 attempted to arrest him). Above Ferdynand  Piottuch - Kublicki was neighbour of Wasilewski and relation of Staniewicz; he and duke Artemiusz Viaryha - Dareuski / Weryho stayed in Vicebsk in 1862 and in Stajki 1863. Artemiusz Viaryha - Dareuski was familiar to: Moniuszko, Odyniec, Syrokomla and with Aleksander Chodecki in Mohylew (Mahileu or Mogiliow) in 1859. 

    Note about the Benislawski family: 

     The Benislawskis from Polack / Polatsk / Polock, Vicebsk / Vitsyebsk / Witebsk, Lucyn / Ludza and Rzeczyce / Rzeczyca / Rezekne districts (here also in the thirties of the  20th  cent.). The bishop of Mogilev (Mohylew, Mahileu or Mogiliow), Jan Benislawski  who was in Rome 1783, consecrated new  R.C. church in Aglona, in SE  Latgale, 25 km SE of Preili and 40 km NE of  Daugavpils, in 1800.  The Kastyr estate  i.e. Kastire  was situated in this parish: 42,5 km NE of  Daugavpils (Dunaburg,  Dyneburg), and belonged to the noble Dunaburg marshal Jozef  Brzezinski and next Zaba  family. 

Comment on the Bonch - Bruevichs  

the foremost expert in the radio valves in the tsarist Russia was Michail (2nd) Boncz Brujewicz (Bonch-Bruevich b. 1888 in Orjol - d. 1940; son of   Aleksander (III) Boncz Brujewicz / Bonch - Bruevich who stayed in Kiev since 1896), electrician and engineer after completion of the "Nikolai -  Ingenieurschule" in Petersburg 1914; he served in the Russian army as a professional officer, expert of electron lamps and radiolocation,  1915 - 1919 made a study of radio valves and organized the first production of one as chief of high - frequency's section in the Central  laboratory of War  Department in middle of 1917 (the first  broadcast valves  and valve sets appeared in Russian Air Force in 1917); director of the radio  valves laboratory in 1918 - 1920 and author of the broadcasting station's project in Moskow of 1922; his son Aleksej Bonch - Bruevich (b.  1916) was the Soviet expert of electron tubes, too; 

his relatives - actual originators of the November coup d'etat in 1917: 

Two brothers - younger Wladymir Boncz Brujewicz = Bonch-Bruevich

(1873 - 1955, son of Dmitry Bonch-Bruevich; photo: W. Boncz - Brujewicz in Moscow, October  1918. 

Children of Dmitrij Brujewicz: Michail / Michal Boncz Brujewicz and his wife Eudokia Dobrowolski daughter of Porfir / Porfirion Dobrowolski. She was born 1870, d. 1943. Michail b. 24 Febr. 1870 in Moscow, died 1956 in Moscow, too. Second son of Dmitrij - Wladimir Boncz Brujewicz, b. 1873 in Moscow, d. 1955 in Moscow. Wife Wiera Wieliczkina, in Geneve, Switzerland. Wiera was born 1868. His second wife Anna Tinkier vel Tynker daughter of Semen / Zenon Tynker. Anna Tinker was the first wife of Solomon Czernomordik son of Isajew / Izak. 

Children of Michail Brujewicz: Tamara b. 1896, Konstantin with wife Sofia Winogradow; Konstantin Boncz-Brujewicz born 4 Febr. 1898, in St Petersburg; Georgij Boncz Brujewicz son of Michail Brujewicz, born 1900, died 1923. Alexandr son of Michail, died 1981. 

Child of Wladimir Boncz Brujewicz: Elena b. 1904 and died 1985 in Moscow, husband Leopold Awerbach son of Leonid Awerbach. 

Dmitrij that is Dymitr Brujewicz with the Boncza coat of arms, was son of Afanazy who was born 1798 in Kulgajewka, the Klimowicze area (Dmitry Bonch-Bruevich was born in Prusino, but rather in Kuligaevka, which now is merged with Prusino in a village; now these villages - Kuligaevka / Kulgajewka and Prusino - divides only river; Kuligaevka belonged the Bonch-Bruevich family and two brothers Michail and Vladimir came here in the summer and played with local children; Dmitry Afanasievich Brujewicz with Boncza coat of arms, lived here in his home, and here he died; he was buried in the local cemetery on the outskirts of the village but an ancient cemetery has not been preserved like the tomb of Bonch-Bruevich). 

Dymitr was born 26 October 1840, died after 1904. The first wife of Atanazy / Afanazy (b. 1798) was Irina Osipowna Liepieszynskaja vel Irena Lepeszynski died 1839 in Prusinowo, the Klimowicze county, the Mohylew government, daughter of Jozef Lepeszynski (Prusinskaja Buda 6 km east of Kasciukovicy / Прусинская Буда but Prusino / Прусино that is Prusinowo 2 km east of Kostiukovichi in the Костюковичский район and south of Klimovichi). 

Afanazy Brujewicz son of Andrzej, born 1798 in the Klimowicze area, his second wife Olga Reszkowicz born 1814 or 1818, daughter of Pavel Reszkowicz; first wife Irena Lepeszynski was daughter of Jozef. Andrzej Brujewicz the 'second', b. 1768 and son of Kirill Brujewicz, d. 12 July 1819 in Kulgajewka, the Klimovichi county, the Mohylew by Dniepr government; Andrzej was owner of Kulgajewka village, but all villagers were taken by Ignacy Ciechanowiecki and removed on new places. The first wife unknown, 2nd wife 1799 Fiedosja Kuzminicz who d. 1830 - 1st married with Filipp Platkowski son of Jan Platkowski; Andzej has got 2 sons: Afanasij / Afanazy / Atanazy and Fiodor. Kirill Brujewicz son of Andrzej the 'first' Brujewicz with Boncza coat of arms, b. 1735, d. circa 1804 / 1805, with wife Anna Sawinicz (Kirill Brujewicz was owner of part of Samotiejevichi in Krzyczew area / Krichev / Кричев that is Самотевичи south - west of Kostiukovichi and south of Krzyczew, now the Moghilev oblast but Kostiukovichi belonged to Vladimir Tichonowiecki and his family 1799 to 1917; Kirill was owner also Kulgajevka / Kulgaevka in Klimovichi county, a house in Kostiukovichi 1783, inf. on him 1805 in the Klimovichi court). 

Kazimierz son of Jan vel Ivan Brujewicz was died 1705 and was father of Andrzej the first. Jan was son of Fedor. Fedor was son of Jan the first).

Above named Wladymir i.e. Vladimir Bonch - Bruevich / В. Д. Бонч-Бруевич was publisher and one of Lenin's closet associates. Curiosity! Lenin signed certificate for V. Bonch-Bruevich on July 7, 1920 because of a month's holiday and travels to Kulgaevka / Kulgajewka village in the Klimovichi county, Moghilev / Mogilev province, when the Red Army went on the general offensive - begun on July 4, 1920 - against Poland. Wladymir i.e. Vladimir Bonch - Bruevich had got a cabin in autonomous Finland and Lenin had hiding place there in period July - October 10th, 1917 [Old Style] i.e. to 23rd October; Vladimir Bruevich was administration manager at the Council of People's Commissars from November 1917; cf. F. Antoni Ossendowski, "Shadow of the bleak East", edition of 1919 and 1921, p. 57 - 58: he was known to sphere of Petersburg high society, Polish "old nobleman", secret chieftain of  socialists; he concealed of Trocki - Bronstein in Petersburg A.D. 1905 and also directed Chrustalow - Nosar or Chrustalov - Nosari in 1905.

The second brother, older - general Michail (III) Boncz Brujewicz / Bonch - Bruevich either Bonch - Bruyevich Mikhail Dmitriyevich or Michal Bonc - Bruevic, see - if you read Russian - here:  http://history.tuad.nsk.ru/index.html (b. 1870 - died 1956; son of Dmitry who stayed in Moscow) who was tsarist general. Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch - Bruyevich from 1892 to 1895 served as an officer with the Lithuanian Guards Regiment at Warsaw. He was in command of the 176th Perevolochensky Regiment, based at Chernigov in 1914 and had known Russian aviator Pyotr Nesterov. The chief of staff and deputy commander of the Russian Northern Front and commander of the Northern Front from 29 August 1917 to 9 September 1917. Next he was chief of staff of the Supreme Commander after November 1917. Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch - Bruyevich was the military director of the Supreme Military Council and chief of general field staff of the Red Army (field staff of the Revolutionary Military Council) in 1918 - 1919.

Curiously enough: 

new military intelligence under different names operated from October 21, 1918. At this time the Red Army was already a huge and powerful body but after October, 1917, Bolsheviks faced with many difficulties, including the collapse of the army. Therefore, reorganizing the old army, they left in the War Department that is the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs - General Directorate of the General Staff (GUGSH) and this body consisted the 2nd Division of the General Quartermaster in December 1917, which was the central organ of intelligence and counterintelligence services of the armed forces of Russia. So by the end of 1918, Soviet military intelligence in full was as the legal successor of the pre-revolutionary military intelligence. GUGSH headed General V. V. Marushevsky (Polish?) who refused to cooperate with the new government. 

Then Quartermaster-General Nikolai Mikhailovich Potapov was new chief of the military intelligence (in 1915-1917, Potapov was the Main Director of the General Staff at the office of General Quartermaster. However, according to some reports, he - from July 1917 - collaborated with the military organization of the Petersburg bolshevik Committee. In November, 1917 to May 1918, Potapov served as Chief of Staff, and acting as assistant manager of the Military Department; in June 1918, he became a member of the Supreme Military Council, and from July 1919 Chairman of the Military Legislative Council). 

Colonel Yudin was the bolshevik Commissar and Peter F. Ryabikov, after the coup, was had remained in the office because the Bolsheviks did not touch the military intelligence, as opposed to counter-military intelligence, which they immediately dispersed, as it was involved in the campaign of charges the Bolsheviks was spying for Germany in the summer of 1917. Crisis of foreign intelligence commenced with the end of December 1917: colonel Andrey Stanislavsky (Polish?) entered the service for the French intelligence, and intelligence reports from the allies - the French military mission in Moscow - came to the end in July 1918. In February 1918, the country faced with bloody civil war, and in March 1918 the Soviet government established the Supreme Military Council for the organization of the armed forces of Red Army with a military leader, former tsarist general M. D. Bonch-Bruevich and two political commissars Shutko and P. Proshyan. On March 17, 1918, the Supreme Military Council included: a military leader, his assistant, Quartermaster-General with several assistants, and intelligence chiefs, a field inspector of artillery, and others; on March 19, 1918: Chairman - People's Commissar for Military Affairs Leon Trotsky, the Council members and above named General N. Potapov. In June, 1918 the Supreme Military Council was reorganized and included: a military leader Bonch - Bruevich, chief of staff and staff occupied by former officers, the deputy of the military leader appointed a former Major General of General Staff Alexander Alexandrovich Samoylo, an assistant Chief of Operations of the Supreme Military Council was Colonel Alexander Kovalevsky (Polish? April - May 1918). Kovalevsky, soon will move to the South, where he headed the mobilization management of the North Caucasus Military District; here he with General Nosovich (Polish?) were arrested by Stalin, but after Nosovich was fleeing to the 'white', Kovalevsky was again arrested and shoted.

Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch - Bruyevich was the specialist in take a pictures from airplanes and organized the first technical office of aerial photograph in 1925; he wrote "The aerial photograph" in 1931 and similar book in 1934 (and  Grigorij - his son Mikolaj (2nd) b. 1896 was general of the Soviet air force); 

the family of Aleksander II Brujewicz or Bonc - Bruievicius of the Boncza arms lived in Zbyszyn or Sbychin near to Tschetschewitschi since 1876 / 1880, 39 km SE away from Miezonka and the big estate had 5548 hectares, he lived next door Gresmer or Greszner family (according to a map edited by A. Brantner of "K.u.k. militar - geographisches Institut" in Wien 1896) and Mr Witold  Bulhak home (the Bulhak noble house of  the Syrokomla arms, verified in Minsk A.D. 1802, possessed also in the government of  Minsk: Matewitschi  = Maciejewicze i.e. Macevicy 14 km SW of Miezonka, and Zuki, Budzilowka and Kondratowicze); villages Woncza / Vontcha,  Borki and Rogi - which Florian Czarnyszewicz described in a book "Nadberezyncy" i.e. Berezyna's Riverside Inhabitants - were situated close by the Zbyszyn estate: 3 and 7 km; besides a certain Aleksander (IV ?) Brujewicz purchased village Mistow and neighbourhood in the Congress Poland on 25 January 1861 but I haven't yet any firm evidences if it's the same Aleksander (2nd) Brujewicz who settled himself in  the Zbyszyn  property - I  am searching information;

they derived from Michal I Brujewicz who was born 1762 and stayed in the Minsk  province and all  following   generations (all his sons: Aleksander I, Mikolaj I, Bazyli, Wiktor, Piotr, Pawel, Fiodor) served in Russian army at a later date;  the Brujewicz  family  was in   Mahileu   A.D. 1718 and in Krycau  A.D. 1745, Sladzin or Sladziniec  in Mahileu region in 1761. 

Brujewicz of the Boncza coat of arms (or Boncz - Brujewicz, possessed Bohdanowka 1st in the Mscislau  district since 1870 - 10,5 km  Nord of Jurkowschtschina i.e. Jurkowszczyzna - and also Poplatyno in the district  since  1870;  Petrulin in the region of Cerykau; Muryn -  Bor  or Bor near to Holynski's Michiejevitschi / Michiejewiczi,  i.e. 12  km  NW of Klimavicy since 1870; and Sieliszcze 18 km E-S-E of Cavusy  or  Czausy  - since 1876). 

We stayed in 

St Petersburg and Moscow

"Duflon, Konstantynowicz & Co." 

abbreviated as 

DEKA 

1892	At the beginning Louis Franzevich Dyuflon founded technical office in the 2nd half of the 19th century in Moscow. L. Duflon / Dyuflon acted in the St. Petersburg branch of the 'Breguet' Company. Engineer Dyuflon, a Swiss 'Breguet' Company representative (he was very young, only aged 23), was Stefan Drzewiecki friend (the Polish family from the Volhynia government), and circa 1884 was searching of the structure of a dromoskop. Dyuflon sometimes was invited to have breakfast with Drzewiecki. Drzewiecki occupied luxury apartment in the house No 6 at Admiralty Seaside. In the evenings, the usual Drzewiecki guests were brothers Paul and Peter Solomonovich Martynov, engineer Breguet (Louis Antoine Breguet that is Antoine Breguet b. 1851 - died 1882, was engineer and his son Louis Charles Breguet b. 1880, d. 1955, was aircraft manufacturer and was a French aircraft designer and builder, one of the early aviation pioneers who - in 1905, with his brother Jacques Breguet - began work on a gyroplane, the forerunner of the helicopter, with flexible wings - like Igor Sikorsky and prof. Bothezat; Jacques Bréguet that is probably Mr Breguet who was the engineer of 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', company representative, Swiss citizen and friend of Stefan Drzewiecki; Louis and Jacques Breguet, of the famous clock- and watch-making family, were interested in aviation from an early age and on 19 September 1907, they, in cooperation with Professor Charles Richet, created the first helicopter), Dyuflon, botanist professor Poirot, K. E. Makovsky, and the pretender to the Serbian throne, prince Karageorgievich, who formerly served in the French Foreign Legion. In 1892, Swiss citizen, L. F. Dyuflon / Duflon built in St. Petersburg plant for the production of electrical equipment and opened in St. Petersburg 'Electrical studio'. In the same year 1892 he concluded a cooperation agreement with Moscow businessman A. Konstantinovich / Apollon (Apollo) Konstantynowicz / Константинович son of Wasyl / Wasilij Константинович, the owner of the technical office.  Together they take on more complex projects, and soon the company was the first military orders. Since 1896 the enterprise was owned by trading house, after by co-operatives and in 1901 it was transformed into a corporation.
1895	The third company in Russia in terms of the electronic products supply. Created 8 June 1901 by converting the firm 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' (Дюфлон, Константинович и Ко., ДЕКА) based in 1892. Founded in 1893 as a factory of electrical installations by 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz / Константинович'. Founders: Swiss citizen of French origin, Louis Edward Anton Dyuflon / Дюфлон, his friend Swiss Yu Dizeren and Moscow engineer A. V. Konstantynowicz / Константинович. In December 1895 they bought land in Lopukhinsky Park in St. Petersburg to build its own plant. Lots of houses No 7 and 8 at Pavlov Street (Lopukhinsky road or lane Lopukhinsky in 1887 has got a common name, Lopukhinsky Street) in St Petersburg in 1895 bought L. F. Dyuflon / Duflon / Louis Edward Anton Dyuflon and his companions Y. K. Dizeren / Yu Dizeren and (inf. about first names, father's name of Apollo(n) Константинович and middle names need to be check, on Yu = Y. K., L. F. = Louis Edward, A. = A. V. / A. W.) A. V. (A. W.) Konstantynowicz / A. Konstantynowicz for the electrical company (since 1922 the Petrograd State Machine-Building Plant 'Electric'; in 1923, the factory designed the first Soviet welding generator). The site houses No 9 and 12 Pavlov Street got the Prince of Oldenburg. The house No 14 in 1909 - 1910: factory building for 'The Russian Society of the wireless telegraph and telephone', in 1923 created Central Radio Laboratory - here was located the center of the main domestic radio industry (L. Mandelstam, N. Papaleksi, D. Rozhanskii, V. P. Vologdin). A note dated September 21, 1895 from the Ministry guarantees that the plant 'will be to have a free hand for quick ... execution of its most difficult and painstaking work...'. Domestic firm 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' (Константинович) which was a representative of the French 'Sautter and Harle', under a contract of December 4, been making 11 sets of electric winches for battleship's elevators and to additional elevator for 'Rurik', winches ordered directly to firm 'Sautter and Harle' (the 'Rurik'-I keel was laid in the Baltic Works in St. Petersburg, May 19, 1890). Fuller was an order given in March 1905 to the company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' immediately by 24 portable electric fans of 300 m / hr. 'Navarin' / Наварин, based on the British Trafalgar-class battleship, was built in St. Petersburg, 1889 to 1896; in September 1893, as planned 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' factory was appointed date of move of 'Navarino' to Kronstadt for completion of equipment and accessories. To build a 'Громобой' / 'Stormbreaker' ship in the new dock of the Baltic plant started on June 14, 1897, and on December 7 of that year this new cruiser called 'Gromoboi' was enrolled in the fleet; guns delivered from the Obukhov plant, and a winches from 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz company'.
1896	In December 1896 at Lopukhinsky Street in St Petersburg, now - Academic Pavlov Street No 8, opened the first-born in St. Petersburg electrotechnical industry, the electromechanical plant facilities owned joint-stock company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' (Дюфлон, Константинович и Ко., ДЕКА), a large role in which played the French capital. The 'Duflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' office was situated at Aptekarski Ostrov in St Petersburg, now Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University is also located on the island. The Lopukhinsky road or lane Lopukhinsky in 1887 has got a common name, Lopukhinsky Street, also found writing Lapuhinskaya; lots of houses No 7 and 8 in 1895 bought the L. F. Dyuflon and his companions Y. K. Dizeren and A. Konstantynowicz / Константинович for the electrical company. Alexander Stepanovich Popov, pioneer in the invention of the radio was associated with the island; on March 24, 1896, he demonstrated transmission of radio waves between different buildings in St Petersburg and he demonstrated ship-to-shore communication over a distance of 6 miles in 1898. From the report of the Vologda city council member, F. N. Ovechkin, we know about question on the electric lighting in the city of Vologda in 1896 when the owners of the electromechanical plant of 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', addressed to the Chief of the province a proposal to build in the city of Vologda electric lighting. Nelly Bogorad in a newspaper 'The St. Petersburg Rush Hour' in 2002 was writing 'The Case Dyuflon will live': "In December last year the plant, 'Electric', the sources of which were enterprising Frenchman and a Pole, created in 1896 by joint-stock company 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', has got 105 years old. But the big date, ... at the company was not mentioned. ... It was the culmination of a period of confrontation of the two shareholder groups, each pursuing its own interests. ... Both groups of shareholders began buying shares in the factory ... in the course of privatization got a 60 % stake. ... Member of the Board of Directors of JSC 'Plant Electric' Andrey Stepanenko, representing a major shareholder, ... explained why he and his colleagues have undertaken to preserve the enterprise. ... As noted by Mr. Stepanenko, ... is not more than four years to modernize and reconstruct capital assets, depreciation is not less than 70 - 80 % ... and Mr. Stepanenko and his comrades are waiting for the expansion of welding equipment in the U.S., Germany, Sweden and Finland".
1897	Founders: Swiss citizen of French origin, Louis Edward Anton Dyuflon, his friend Swiss Yu Dizeren and Moscow engineer A. V. Konstantynowicz / Константинович. In December 1895 they bought land in Lopukhinsky Park in St. Petersburg to build its own plant with name 'Duflon, Konstantynowicz, Dizeren and Co'. In 1901 it was transformed into a corporation. The new plant, received the name 'Plant of the electromechanical Structures', was opened 14 December 1896. At the beginning of 1897 the company was renamed in partnership, and in 1901 the plant has been transformed into joint-stock company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.' (DECA), with a capital of 750 thousand rubles.
1901	The third company in Russia in terms of the electronic products supply. Created 8 June 1901 by converting the firm 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' based in 1892. Founded in 1893 as a factory of electrical installations by 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz'. Founders: Swiss citizen of French origin, Louis Edward Anton Dyuflon, his friend Swiss Yu Dizeren and Moscow engineer A. V. Konstantynowicz / Константинович. In December 1895 they bought land in Lopukhinsky Park in St. Petersburg to build its own plant. The new plant, received the name 'Plant of the electromechanical Structures', was opened 14 December 1896. At the beginning of 1897 the company was renamed in partnership, and in 1901 the plant has been transformed into joint-stock company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.' (DECA), with a capital of 750 thousand rubles. DEKA founded in 1901 on 08 June, as the transformation of the company Duflon and Konstantinovich / Константинович, which was founded in 1892 by Luis Edouard son of Frances Duflon / Louis Eduard Anton Duflon son of Francis Dyuflon or Lun Eduard Anton Duflon, born 1861, a Swiss citizen and Polish engineer - technologist A. W. Konstantinovich, the Russian citizen. In December 1895 they bought the land in Lopuchinski Park in St. Petersburg. This factory was opened December 14, 1896. At the beginning of 1897 the factory turned into the Association and soon the 'Deca' began to receive government contracts, in particular for electrical equipment for naval artillery. Louis E. Dyuflon was graduated of Zurich Polytechnic and starting as an engineer at the factory of electrical products, he soon became the official representative of the French electrical company in Russia, where he met with the engineer Apollo Konstantinovich / Константинович - a representative of the same company in Moscow. In 1901, the 'Deca' plant becomes a joint stock company DEKA. Capital 750 thousand rubles. In 1913 radio - agreement with French company SFR and it becomes a branch ot the SFR in Russia. In the second half of 1901 Veklemishev was in Paris for equipment to Russian submarines with co-operation with Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company. Main engine - petrol four-cylinder engine of the Otto-Deyts 160 hp, enough fuel reserves to 30 hours. The motion of the water provided the electric motor of 70 hp and battery power capacity of 1900 Ah and were made ​​in Philadelphia, USA. Equipment ordered factory 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' from St. Petersburg. The submarine torpedo boat No 113 was built during the winter 1901 and summer 1902. However, the assembly of the battery to plant 'Dyuflon' delayed until late autumn, did not meet the contractual terms (accumulators and batteries were manufactured in 'Deka' plant after 1908); 1903 - it was finished making the submarine motor. Also tests of the Valentin Vologdin radio oscillator at the battleship 'Andrew' was successful; Marine Office was made an order for another twenty radio stations, which include a new power supply antennas. Order execution was entrusted to the plant by 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' for twenty ships. All of them are installed on warships of the Navy, have shown high efficiency.
1904 - 1907	The beginning of a Duflon Company in Switzerland and France in 1904 (L. F. Dyuflon from 1908 resided in Switzerland). Within a few months in Russia and in 1901 / 1907 the beginning of the DEKA Joint Stock Society (Duflon,  Konstantynowicz & Company JSC). In this years a business started to operate in Aleksandrovsk / Zaporoze when DEKA JSC bought land in order to changeover of activity (see December 1915) in 1907 at address: Zaporozje, Motorostroitelej 15. On 15 November 1907 the City Council of Alexandrovsk allocated land for the construction of the brothers Moznaim / Moznaimov iron foundry and machine factory but this factory was bought by joint-stock company 'Deca' from Moznaimov in 1915 and reconstructed for the production of aircraft engines; today, the 'Motor Sich', one of the most famous in the global avia industry (the Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz Company manufactured Salmson engines, Gnome, Ron - a production under license and by 1917 the production of the engines in all Russia reached 700 per month; about 250 were collected from the western parts; the Decka Company began to produce engines in 1913). Until December 1915 it made agricultural machinery and tools to perform different machining, cast iron and copper.   The "Credit Lyonnais" Bank in Geneva has got records, assessments and accounts for the Swiss country with reference number DEEF 30136  relating to "Duflon, Konstantynowicz & Company", that is  "Company of the Electromechanical Factories of Constructions" called DEKA of 1904 - 1916; researched in 1921. The DEKA Company produced agricultural machineries and tools, various machines, a cast iron; the factory in 1907 - 1911 (iron foundry) cast copper pieces and iron equipment. Ukraine organized a Celebration Committee in 2007 on the occasion of the one hundred anniversary of the "Motor Sich" Company / DEKA Joint-Stock Company. The joint stock company 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' from St Petersburg and Moscow was co-property of our Mscislau branch of the male-line descendants of Dominik Konstantynowicz and our old ancestry: Apollon (Apollo, Apellon) Wasylewicz Konstantynowicz / Константинович who b. ca 1862 - son of Wasilij Константинович / Wasyl Konstantynowicz who was born ca 1840. The wife of Apollon was Anna Armand, oldest - Anna nee Armand was born on 19 August 1866 in Moscow - daughter of Evgenii / Eugeniusz Armand - Eugene born about 1842. Wasilij / Wasyl Constantinowitz / Konstantynowicz, was general of the Russian Army, and Leon Bakst (1866 - 1924) is our next of kin: his relatives, families  Tretyakov, Barsak, Klyachko and Manfred. His grandfather Baxter, probably English (mother side), acc. to http://www.leon-bakst.com/ - Collection Constantinowitz. Leon Bakst always lived with his family in St. Petersburg. Leon Bakst had two sisters, Sophia and Rose, and brother Isaiah. Nephew of Leon Bakst that is son of his sister Rose Samuilovna Rosenberg (Zakhar L. Manfred worked as a lawyer in St. Petersburg, during the Civil War was a teacher in the Saratov province, then in the Pskov province; Rosa Samuilovna Rosenberg - a translator, sister of the artist Leon Bakst, died in 1918) and Zachary Manfred, was historian Albert Z. Manfred (1906-1976) who born in St Petersburg (acc. to Eugene Konstantynowicz / Константинович - son of Apollon Konstantynowicz, Polish, and Anna Konstantynowicz / Константинович nee Armand, Polish roots - and his children living in Switzerland and Paris, France, that is grandchildren of Anna nee Armand, and great-grandchildren of Varvara Karlovna Demonsi / Demonets; this Eugene Konstantynowicz, as a patient, was treated in Switzerland, there he became acquainted with Marusya, who cared for her uncle Leon Bakst, along with Sophia, Bertha, Paul and Emily). See: the Constantinowitz Museum in Meudon. Meudon is a municipality in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, in the département of Hauts-de-Seine. Chalais-Meudon was important in the pioneering of aviation, initially balloons and airships, but also the early powered craft (in 1880 Charles Renard and Arthur Krebs). Klyachko, Maria Markovna (1895–1994), married name – Constantinowitz, daughter of Léon Bakst’s sister, Sophia Klyachko. All information about Léon Bakst’s relatives are culled from 'My recollections of Uncle Lyova', the memoirs of Maria Klyachko-Constantinowitz and Manuscripts department, Tretyakov Gallery, fund 111, items 2632, 2636, and from Nikolai Constantinowitz, Irina Albertovna Manfred, Maria Markovna Klyachko who married a musician – a cello player Yevgeny Constantinowitz. She met her future husband in Switzerland, when she was tending to the sick Bakst. Her sons became architects - Nikolai and Pyotr Constantinowitz. Collection of the Constantinowitz family is in Paris. Constantinowitz, Pyotr Yevgenievich (b. 1928) and Constantinowitz, Nikolai Yevgenievich (b. 1931). Constantinowitz, Yevgeny Apollonovich (1890–1977) – a cello and piano player; he was receiving a treatment at the same resort as Bakst. Inessa Armand born in Paris on 8th May, 1874 and after - when she was only five - Elizabeth Stephane or Ines / Inessa was brought up by an aunt - new governess and grandmother living in Moscow - around 1880. Anna Asknazi vel Askenazy was friend of Inessa Armand in Moscow of 1909 and also doctor N. N. Pechkin, Boris Armand, Anna Evgen'evna Konstantynowicz / Konstantinovich / Константинович who helped out financially, Natalia Emil'evna, the twin Brilling brothers-in-law, Alexander Armand. At the age of eighteen she married Alexander Armand, the son of Evgenii Armand, a successful textile manufacturer in Pushkino near by Moscow. At the age of 19 she knew only two languages until as adult she learned German and Polish. At least of 10 December 1908 Inessa Armand wanted to attend the First All-Russian Women's Congress in St Petersburg with her sister-in-law, Anna Evgen'evna Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz / Константинович. Inessa was lover of Lenin since 1909 or 1910, but according to 'Correspondence of Lenin and ... organizations. 1903-1905 years', Volume 3, the first book, we know that Lenin sent a cliche of 'Iskry' / 'Sparks' at Dyuflon address in Yekaterinburg (p. 332, here also name of Konstantynowicz!) in 1903. "Inessa Armand. Revolutionary and Feminist" by R. C. Elwood, p.74 - Inessa was on her honeymoon with Lenin who showed up in Copenhagen without his wife Krupskaia. Inessa spent the time with her sister-in-law Anna Konstantinovich / Константинович, whom she apparently visited in Leipzig during the month of August 1910. Inessa and Anna would finish the summer by attending the Conference of Socialist Women in Copenhagen. Inessa very likely was accompanied by her sister-in-law Anna Konstantinovich, rather than by Lenin during the days of the 1910 congress. On Sunday 28 August 1910 after the Women's Conference had closed, Inessa and perhaps Anna Konstantinovich attended the opening ceremonies of the Eighth Congress of the Second International using two guest tickets obtained for Armand by Lenin in Copenhagen, according to P. P. Bulanov, Moscov 1925, 75. Dr. Edward Reilly from Australia when was visiting Marijampole, Lithuania, in Oct. 2003, had seen the grave of Lenin's (??) son, Guards Captain Andrej Armand, who fell in Oct. 1944 as the front pushed towards Prussia.  When Lenin was writing to Inessa Armand to Moscow by 16 February 1920, asked her about any products which were sent to Konstantynowicz (according to 'Lenin in his life. ...' by Е. Н. Guslarov; address of Inessa: Nieglinnaja street, house 9, flat No 6; s. 226).  The Armand family and our Konstantynowicz / Константинович ancestry in Moscow Anna Konstantynowicz, Lenin Ulyanov and Inessa / Ines Armand in a sealed train, April 1917 The coup d'etat by Lenin in 1917 Lenin and his money The Armand noble family   Paul Armand was born probably in 1770, acc. to unpublished memoirs of David L. Armand. Paul Armand with wife Angelica daughter of Charles (1765 in Alsatia - 1813 in Moscow) and with 14-year-old son, Jean (Jean / Ivan / Jean-Louis Armand born 1786 or 1798 - died 1855 in Moscow) went to Moscow in 1812, when Napoleon was in Moscow but this family has appeared in Russia at the end of the XVIII century, an escape from the terror of the French Revolution. When Napoleon had to withdraw, Paul had no choice to withdraw together with the French army (author Svetlana Alexandrovna Krylatov, a descendant of the family Kurtener, during a meeting of the descendants of the merchant families in the former Merchants Club in Malaya Dmitrovka in 1990). Evgeny second / Eugene-Louis Armand was b. 1809 and died 1890, was a son of Jean Armand / Ivan and his first wife Elizabeth Osipovna (born 1788, died 1817) called Sabina, and the second wife was Marie Barbe, born Kolinon (1780 - 1872) who had a daughter Sophia, later married a Swede, Osip Hecke / Hekke. Sabine father has name Evgen the 'first'. Sophia was the daughter of Ivan from his second marriage and was born c. 1830, she was granddaughter of Paul that is Pavel. She married a Swede - Joseph Hekke (Hauke?) about 1850. No data about this Swede. From this marriage was the oldest Maria Osipovna that is daughter of Osip / Joseph. She was born about 1851. The second child was 12 years later, and was born about 1863 - Sophia Osipovna. And about 1864 Alexandr son. When their parents died c. 1866, a guardian was appointed - uncle Evgeny 'second'. He put children in his office in the Old Square and Evgeny hired a governess for the children about 1867. In the second half of the 19th century lived with the Armand family a governess, girls Inessa and Rene Stefan, both were married to two brothers Armand, Alexander and Nicholas. Inessa Fedorovna in 1903, leaving her husband, lived with his brother Volodya and after escaping from exile in 1909, Inessa Fedorovna went to Switzerland, where she was waiting for Vladimir / Volodya.  Alexander went to Belgium, graduated on engineer to manage a factory of his father. After collectivization in 1930 he appealed to Alechinsky farm and lived until 1943. Maria Osipovna was a musician and student of Nicholas Rubinstein (Nikolai Grigoryevich Rubinstein b. 1835 and was a Russian pianist, the younger brother of Anton Rubinstein; with Nikolai Pietrovich Trubetskoy / Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy born 1828 died 1900, was the founder of the Moscow Conservatory). Sophia, daughter of Joseph was graduated from high school. Amateurishly painted. She was  in love with the youngest of the cousins ​​- Emil, third son of Eugene / Evgeny and soon married about 1883. The Catholic Church blessed the couple. Alexandr son of Joseph, wanted to become a monk, but he went to the army, and eventually became a police officer.  Evgeny Armand Ivanovich / Evgeny second / Eugene-Louis Armand was b. 1809 and died 1890, was a son of Jean Armand / Ivan and his first wife Elizabeth; was married to a Polish woman, Catholic - Mary Frantsevna Pashkovskaya / Maria Paszkowski (Пашковские) daughter of Franciszek. She was born 1819 died 1901 and was highly educated, c. 1840 studied painting in France; she was a woman of strong and humble disposition. Maria had a tender heart. In contrast to the position of her husband, his wife was educated, and drew quite well, in France she drew the ruins of castles and really liked them; Evgeny built in a park such ruins.   Need to be check - she was next of kin of general Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski with the Zadora coat of arms who was born 12 October 1778 in Brody - d. 11 March 1856 in Cracow, friend of general Tadeusz Kosciuszko. It's amazing that the October Revolution in 1917, which swept the Russian Empire, allowing the reconstruction of Poland, broke out just on the anniversary of the death of Tadeusz Kosciuszko, exactly the 100th anniversary of his death, and around Lenin appeared figures of the Polish nobility, which adopted a sense of the Kosciuszko Polish patriotism. "Instead, after the fall of Napoleon's empire in 1815 he met with Russia's Tsar Alexander I in Braunau. In return for his prospective services, Kościuszko demanded social reforms and territorial gains for Poland, which he wished to reach as far as the Dvina and Dnieper Rivers in the east". On October 15, 1817 Tadeusz Kosciuszko / Thaddeus Kosciusko died. But a underground movement led by Jozef Pilsudski had in that case great deals to take in hands, behind the scenes, all revolutionary Lenin movement of the Bolsheviks, between about 1909 - 1917, and even longer to 1920, when Inessa Armand perhaps was poisoned, and even to the year 1921, when it was still marked a influences of Bruevich brothers of noble Boncza arms. Inessa Armand controlled all Bolshevik work as a secretary of Lenin and she has influence on the directions of philosophical - political considerations, which diverged from reality, and their possible introduction in the life would be - if not as an experiment - even doom for the Russian Empire. The purpose of Jozef Pilsudski was not only gathering information about enemy - Russia, and not only the smuggling of weapons for his organization, but primarily for Pilsudski was the goal to Lenin seized power and overthrew the Tsarist authorities. This was to allow the recovery of independence by Poland. Stalin was here the enemy, because he wanted to rebuild the Russian empire, just as the Soviet Russia - a communist state. Lenin wanted a European communism, the total fiction and the absurd. Pilsudski had to put Lenin at the head of the new Russia, and at least Pilsudski conducive to this Lenin's communist movement did not collapsed. Wrangel, Denikin, Kolchak were number one enemies. Dominik Paszkowski born 1783 in Brody, the Lwow province; his father Jan Paszkowski was born c. 1750 and has got the Zadora coat of arms; married c. 1770 / 1777 and Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski, general, was his first son. His family: colonel Jozef Paszkowski 1787 - 1858. Franciszek Paszkowski (Franciszek Jozef Wladyslaw Paszkowski) was born 1818 and died 1883, painter - who was studied painting in Rome 1839, acc. to J. Pachonski, and after was living in Cracow; here was member of the Science Cracow Association since 1848 - after 1873; his father Dominik Paszkowski was born 1783 in Brody and was brother of general Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski (b. 1778). Jan, the grandfather of above named Franciszek - painter was living in Brody and was born circa 1750. Father of Franciszek - Dominik Paszkowski (at a portrait) and brother (at a portrait) Jozef Edmund Paszkowski. The same Jozef Edmund Paszkowski b. 1817 and died 1861, poet and translator. Franciszek was a nephew of general Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski b. 1778 and the nephew of Wojciech Paszkowski, who was member of the independent authorities of Galicia in 1809; also he was the uncle of Franciszek Paszkowski, lawyer, b. 1853 died 1926. Józef Franciszek Daniel Paszkowski with coat of arms of Zadora was born 3 January 1817 in Warsaw and died 1861 in Warsaw, too; son of Dominik Paszkowski (father was born 1783 in Brody); he was related with Stompf family, the Lasocki from Lasocin with coat of arms of Dolega,  Kulikowski, Niemojewski, Gzowski families, his son Leon Ignacy Józef Paszkowski was related with Niemojewski and Falkiewicz. Addition: Michal Paszkowski colonel of militia, died after 1819. Maria Paszkowska that is Paszkovski has got three sons: Eugene / Eugeniusz the 'third', Adolph / Adolf and Emilie that is Emil Armand / Aрманд (Eugene born about 1842, Adolph b. circa 1845 and Emilie about 1847). All the sons had taken the house close to Pushkino factory c. 1875. The elder son, Eugene / Evgeny was a merchant of the first guild and trading - manufacturing advisor. His wife, Barbara Karlovna Demonets had 12 children, all the sons were married and all the daughters married: it was told about 39 grandchildren Eugene and Barbara Karlovna (all 42 cousins). His wife, Barbara Karlovna  - a woman of extraordinary kindness and care, shelter under his wing all. The brothers received education in Moscow, in France and Germany, mainly in the textile business and dyeing of fabrics.  Evgenii Armand and his wife Varvara Karlovna (Barbara daughter of Karl Demonet / Carl de Monet's that is Charles Demonets / Monnette / Demonsi / Monnet) Demonets also had a very large family. Anna nee Armand was born on 19 August 1866 in Moscow and in 1869 next child Alexander. Elizabeth-Ines Fedorovna Stephane fitted in nicely with her new family: Anna and Alexander Armand were slightly older than she, while Vladimir born in 1875, Evgeniia b. 1876 and Boris born 1878 were somewhat younger. According to: 'French settlers in Moscow and some of the descendants: Collection', the author-composer V. Egorov, Fedosov, ed. Moscow, 2005, p. 200-210 and Copyright © Institution 'Museum of entrepreneurs, philanthropists and benefactors', powered by Vadim Tretyakov: Evgeny and his wife Barbara Karlovna nee Demonsi had 12 children: Anna (1866 - 1932), Mary (1868 - 1942), Alexander (1870 - 1943), Vera (1871 - 1942), Nicholas (1872 - 1936), Vladimir (1874 - 1875), Eugene (1876 ​​- 1920), Boris (1878 - 1920), Sophia (1881 - 1941), Sergei (1882 - 1945), Barbara (1882 - 1966), Vladimir (1885 - 1909). Vladimir Armand joined a Social Democratic propaganda group in Moscow and was arrested but his sister Anna Evgen'evna helped finance party organizations. They lived in Pushkino,  according to JoAnn Ruckman, 'Moscow Business Elite...', edit. 1984, p. 61 and by Egor Nazarenko - a great grandson of one of Evgenii Armand's brothers. They owned house in Moscow, but in summer lived in Finland.  The Eugene family intermarried with the families: Demonsi-Shnaubert-Mathiesen-Bunkin-Tsitsin, Konstantynowicz / Константинович and Manfred, Kohl-Osipov, Papmel-Mazing, Vdovin, Stepanov, Stephen, Wild, Karasev, Fedosov, Egorov, Zhurin, Pichnikovyh-Shaposhnikov-Zilina, Cardo-Sysoev, Fallen, Shapiro, Romas and others.      Adolf and his wife, Alexandra, nee Lengold had three children: Andrew (1875 - 1884), Helen (1876 - 1958) and Margaret (1881 - 1882). They intermarried with the families of Repman, Gauthier, Doble, and others.      Emil E. was married to Sophia nee Osipovna Hecke (Hekke). They had six children: Leo (1880 - 1942), Natalie (1881 -), Mary (1883 -), Sophia (1885 - 1923?), Paul (1887 - 1892), Eugene (1890 -). They intermarried with the family Kindinger and others. As a young man, Evgeny Armand was a clerk - official at a German factory in Vanteevke near by Bolshevo about 1845, in 1853 Evgeny bought dyeing factory in Pushkino, Moscow Province, from the French owner, Favard; in 1859, Evgeny build a second factory next to the first; c. 1865 Evgeny built a house and made it his residence. In addition there were houses in Moscow, four-story office in the Old Square, at the corner Varvarka, an apartment house in the German market, the trading house on Vozdvizhenka street near the Arbat Square. They were co-owners of the Firm 'E. Armand and his sons', and two textile factories in the Moscow suburb, owned houses in Moscow and estates in the suburbs, were members of the charitable community organizations.   A brothers Brilling, Nicholas R. and Eugene R., big engineers of engines, operating in the Soviet era and even after World War II, Nikolai Romanovich was a famous theorist, honored worker of science, the brothers were married to two sisters Armand. There were another of the next of kin, Dr. Kohl and K. Fedosov and Konstantynowicz. The middle brother, Adolph E. was, in contrast to his elder brother. Three brothers lived lavishly, but these great bourgeois clan Armand began to decline but the 'Evgenii Armand and Sons' Company by 1912 had two thousand employees. However, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, all Armand continued to live in Pushkino and Nicholas Vladislavovich Ivinsky was here as governor.
1909 - 1910	Battleships 'Sevastopol', 'Petropavlovsk', 'Poltava' and 'Gangut' were laid in June 1909 in Petersburg and the construction of new battleships required the use of private businesses: 'Kulebaki association Prodamet', 'Metal',  'Putilov', Obukhov, 'G. A. Lessner' and of course for electrical equipment, plants 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.', 'Volta', 'Universal Company of Electricity', 'Geisler and Erickson'. Acc. to: R. M. Melnikov, 'The battleship "Emperor Pavel I" 1906 - 1925', "... the beginning of all this work (with 'Emperor Pavel I') relates to 1906, when the plants have started to implement orders in mine arms, and until 1912 the ship is in a period of buildings and testing. During this time, were made all the principal mine works, equipped with facilities, installed devices, pumps, duct, radio, floodlights, alarm systems and all electrical installations. Since 1912, the ship enters into ... fleet ... Ship's electrical systems ... the ship in 1911 taken from plants: the Baltic, Volta, Geisler, 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' and from the Kronshtadt port. ... In 1911, on the march back from Kronstadt to Revel was acceptance ... electric steering device, manufactured by the 'Volta'. ... there are two portable electric water turbines made by 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' tested in 1912 ... Two electric winches ... were installed at the ship and manufactured by 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' in 1911. ... shunt motor for polishing metal capacity of 1 kilowatt ... in 1911 made by the 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' and installed on a ship ... In 1912, from the plant of 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', were two 90-cm. projectors of Sotter with gilt metal parabolic reflectors. Spotlight placed on the anterior and posterior bridges on the rails, which can be rolled from side to side...". Curiosity: on 28 August 1909 a robbery at a very mysterious circumstances, committed in the night of August 14 at the factory company 'L. Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Company' on Lopukhinsky Street. The plant was guarded by night watchmen, but from the office was stolen 5000 rubles. The money were intended for delivery to the workers. One key had got a porter, the other an accountant and no traces on the walls. In   1910 reveals 'Aeronautic Division' of 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' in St. Petersburg to deliver a business aviation on an industrial basis.
1892 -  1910	"In 1892, Swiss citizen, L. F. Dyuflon / Duflon (built in St. Petersburg plant for the production of electrical equipment and) opened in St. Petersburg 'Electrical studio'. In the same year 1892 L. F. Dyuflon / Duflon concluded a cooperation agreement with Moscow businessman A. Konstantinovich / Константинович / Apollon (Apollo) Konstantynowicz son of Wasyl / Wasilij Константинович, the owner of the technical office. Together they take on more complex projects, and soon the company was the first military orders. Only a few years, and its mechanisms and electrical devices are mounted on Russian shipyards, battleships and to coastal artillery batteries ... in 1896 Konstantynowicz and K. Dyuflon build a new plant and establish joint-stock company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and company'. The firm 'Deca' in addition to the main office in St. Petersburg, which was headed by Dyuflon opens branch in Moscow (headed by Konstantynowicz / Константинович). Soon the production of 'Deca' is widely known, and representative of JSC appear in Kharkov and Yekaterinburg / Ekaterinburg, address: Main Avenue, the Izboldin house, ... industrial regions of Ukraine, Tavria, Volga and Ural. Business are growing along with demand for high quality equipment. It is planned to open offices in Kronstadt, Revel (now Tallinn), Nikolayev and Sevastopol. For the development of new products plant 'Deca' in St. Petersburg is equipped with latest imported equipment specially purchased in France, England and America, but do not stop and his own. Beginning of the twentieth century marked ... the conquest of the air disaster. There are first guided balloons - airships and fundamentally new type of technology - the airplane. While this is not transportation, but rather fun. Undertake the construction of single-aircraft enthusiasts. ... of 1910 reveals 'Aeronautic Division' in St. Petersburg to deliver a business aviation on an industrial basis. In 1912 JSC 'Deca' is participating in the tender for the construction of airships for the military departments of Russia. The airship was constructed in full conformity with technical specifications and tested in 1913. The experiment was considered successful and commercially viable, and in the same year was founded a specialized aviation workshop as a structural part of the company 'Deca' (shareholders are thinking about such promising areas as aeronautics and aviation and aircraft engines). When the First World War broke out, JSC 'Deca' has received a loan to expand aircraft production under the production of airplanes and engines, from domestic materials. But space, material and manpower resources to carry out new plans in the Russian capital was not enough, and we had to consider options for building a new plant in the province. Among them was a small town Aleksandrovsk in Ekaterinoslav province" (Copyright 2006 - 2011 by 'Science & Technology', No 10 (53), 2010).
1912	Only five of airships had been built in Russia before 1914 and we exactly constructed (the fifth in order) to Russian Army in the plant of DEKA an airship named "Kobchik" type "Blimp" as early as 1912 (with two engines 45 hp, and length 48 m; speed 50 km/h according to "Taschenbuch der Luftflotten", 1st Issue 1914, Vol. 1 "Airships" by F. Rasch and W. Hormel, published in Germany, worked out by Thomas Heinz  http://www.internetelite.ru/aircrafts/airships.html; the picture from: http://info.dolgopa.org). Airship i.e. an "aircraft  that consists of a cigar-shaped gas bag, or envelope, filled with a lighter-than-air gas to provide lift, a propulsion system, a  steering mechanism, and a gondola accommodating passengers, crew, and cargo. (...) NON-RIGID airships, now commonly  known as blimps, are the most common type in use. The non-rigid airship has no frame and the envelope holds its shape due to  the pressurized lifting gas inside." The DEKA company owned an infrastructure for airships i.e. a  hangar, workshops and warehouses in St Petersburg before the First world war. War,  revolution and civil war interrupted further development until 1920, when the Soviets built their first small blimp.     June, 1912: Vote of 150 aeroplanes (140 to be built at home); November, 1912: Military trials results: 1. Sikorsky in a "Sikorsky";  2. HABER in a "M. Farman"; 3. Boutmy (BUTMI) in a "Nieuport".  December, 1912: Aeronautical school re-organised; 15 pupils  per school at a time - course made seven months. A one month course in aeroplanes, aerial motors, etc. Of the pupils, 10 to be  selected for aeroplanes. New flying school established at Tashkent  in TURKESTAN. Only in Army Aviation in March, 1913: new schools established at Moscow, Odessa and OMSK. At the end of 1913: the number of actual military pilots was 72. There was a  special volunteer corps of about 36 private aviators; total to 108 in Russia. In Navy Aviation: July, 1912 - Lieut. ANDREADI, did a  flight from Sevastopol to Petersburg.   1912  In 1912 JSC 'Deca' is participating in the tender for the construction of airships for the military departments of Russia. The airship was constructed in full conformity with technical specifications and tested in 1913. The experiment was considered successful and commercially viable, and in the same year was founded a specialized aviation workshop as a structural part of the company 'Deca'.
1914	1912 -  1913  In April 1913 DECA has entered into a cooperation agreement with the French radio company 'Societe francaise Radio-Electrique' (SFR) and became a branch of it in Russia. 'Radiolectric French Company' was one of the first radiotelegraphic companies, founded by Émile Girardeau in 1910 and it supported the production of the Radiola - radio receivers. 'Dyuflon and Konstantinowicz' has entered into a cooperation with 'Sautter, Harle and Co.' from Paris and also with a factory 'Gabriel and Anzeno' (Paul Lemonnier engineer, bacame a partner in the business of Sautter, at 26 Avenue Suffren in Paris 1867. Beginning in the 1860s Sautter started the study of the use of electricity. In 1869, Henri Harle who had married into the Dolfuss family, started as an engineer. In 1890 Henri Harle became a full partner in the firm, which was now known as Sautter Harle. In late 1915, the company name was changed to the Anciens Etablissements Sautter-Harle. The Company produced electrical equipment: searchlight / floodlight, generators, compressors and diesel engines. The Sautter Harlé at present has name the Alsthom Company). In 1912 released the first high-frequency machine for wireless telegraphy and telephony by Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company. When the First World War broke out, JSC 'Deca' has received a loan to expand aircraft production under the production of airplanes and engines, from domestic materials. But space, material and manpower resources to carry out new plans in the Russian capital was not enough, and we had to consider options for building a new plant in the province. Among them was a small town Aleksandrovsk in Ekaterinoslav province (Copyright 2006 - 2011 by 'Science & Technology', No 10 (53), 2010). The third company in Russia in terms of the electronic products supply.  We manufactured an electrical accessory and magnetos for aero engines in the  beginning of  the First world war. A Swiss / French share (since 1904) of DEKA Joint Stock Society with brand name  "Duflon"  in  St  Petersburg manufactured  electric accessory for naval fleet of Russian army, but also  for other defensive enterprises. The Russian - Japanese war in 1904 - 05 and the First world war were  with the best years, according to http://konkretno.ru/  and shareholders had taken up the advantage of  this prosperity. Total employees rose over 3 times only in "Duflon" proper in heyday 1914 - 1916, and  the production - 6 times. The factory manufactured radio sets and broadcasting stations (see about the  Boncz  Brujewicz  family), engines for automobiles and for planes. The "Duflon" had opened a branch in  Aleksandrovsk  / Zaporozhye that later on manufactured the "Zaporozhets" cars in "Zaporozhskiy  Avtomobilnyi Zavod" (Auto Works of Zaporozhye in Ukraine)!
1915	DEKA JSC in December 1915 bought buildings and equipment in a town   Aleksandrovsk  in order to changeover of activity.  During the First World War the firm DECA was one of the best electrical companies in the country, was equipped with American equipment and have trained engineers, technicians and production staff. For 1914 - 1917 value of the new equipment has increased from 473 thousand to 2.5 million rubles; in 1897 one ruble = 0.774 grams gold. The monthly production volume in July 1914 to December 1916 increased by 6 times. On 24 October 1917 value belonging to the plant property, plant and equipment was estimated at 5.5 million rubles. To 1917 plant was a wide-venture and had 6 major divisions: the ship and shore-based tower systems, searchlight, aviation, mechanical, magneto and telegraph technology, in which there were 17 workshops (a searchlight or spotlight is an apparatus that combines a bright light source with some form of curved reflector or other optics to project a powerful beam of light ... By 1907 it was using to assist attacks against torpedo boats, enemy ships at greater distances, were also used by battleships and were installed on many coastal artillery batteries). DECA paid good dividends on the market in 1913: 500-ruble share of the Company was assessed at the St. Petersburg Stock Exchange at 850 rubles. The capital of 750 thousand rubles as 1500 registered shares by 500 rubles, only in 1903 had given net profit totaled 62.1 thousand rubles. In 1913, fixed capital - 1.5 mln rubles, that is 1500 shares at 500 rubles and 7500 shares at 100 rubles; balance - 4.181.995 rubles; dividend - 12 % per share for 500 rubles and 3 rubles 12 kopeek per share for 100 rubles. From June 1901 to October 1917 Joint-stock company 'Deca' has received about 3.5 million rubles net profit. In June 1918 the company was nationalized. 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' in Petersburg - the number of workers in 1900 - 1910 year: 170 and in 1911 - 1917: 250 or in January 1905 - 179 workers; in January 1914 - 240; 1917 - more than 820. The factory produced an electro-mechanical equipment for the Navy of Russia.
1916 -  1917	The Deka built up the military manufactory of aeroengines in a town  Aleksandrovsk (i.e. in Zaporozh'e either Zaporoze or Zaporizhzhya / Zaporozhye) in 1916. The Stavka (Supreme High Command of the Russian Military)  and  Russian  military intelligence were interested in such experimental production with advanced  technology in  actuality and this headquarters laid down actual line of research into the Deka mechanical  powers for  aircraft, e.g.  general P. W. Pniewski ordered to enforce norms of special steel for aeroengines in  Petrograd at the end  of 1916.      The "Main war - technical board" under W. A. Semkowski concluded a big contract with joint stock  company of electrical firms (i.e. particular, separate businesses from Duflon / Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.  abbreviated as  DEKA) from Petrograd on 01 February 1916 in order to construct in the plant of DEKA two  experimental  aircrafts of professor Gheorghe Botezat  by 01 or 20 October 1917 (with aeroengine "Renault" and  with a gyroscope  - wheel which, when spinning fast, keeps steady the object in which it is fixed - the first automatic pilot) but  the professor  has been gone abroad earlier.    The stock society DEKA received twice considerable government  subsidies on research & development in 1916 but the magnetos to aero engines produced here continuously in co-operation with the Petrograd  Polytechnic Institute (magneto i.e. electric apparatus for producing sparks in the ignition system of an internal combustion  engine). And it was soon built the section of aero engines in Zaporozhye = Zaporizhzhya under the general chief N. R. Brilling; an area of the factory had got 39 millions m² according to "History of building airplanes  in the  USSR" by B. V. Shavrov of 1985. In 1915, 'Deca' bought the plant of Moznaimov brothers and rebuild it under the issue of internal combustion engines and in particular - aviation; the first contract with the Government for an engine type '100' and 20 engines type Benz - Mercedes. The Mersedes (i.e. Mercedes) aero engines manufactured here in the  second half of  1916 and expected 10 - 15 engines monthly (e.g. the Mercedes - type 100 hp from DEKA factory and  "Deka M-100" in Zaporozh'e as early as 28 September 1916, at a later date DEKA 166/168/170 hp and it were produced here  ten aero engines   DEKA 129 hp with six cylinders monthly in the end of 1916, and DEKA M-170 hp in 1917; extra the "Benz"  and "Mercedes"   aero engines manufactured here also in 1917; the DEKA Company learned production of the piston engines  since September 1916: M-6, M-11, M-22, M-85, M-86, M-87, M-88, Ash-87FN, Ash-62JR, often superior  and better than foreign engines).      Major General Pniewski said in parliament about the DEKA company in  November 1916: "This is the first aeroengine as a whole from the Russian materials of experimental line of 5 pieces by 100 hp". The day of complete success - DEKA M-100, the first Russian six-cylinder water cooled engine constructed on 15 / 28 September 1916. This date can be regarded as the birthday of Russian domestic air industry; before 1916 Russia only imported aircraft engines. So incompetent paralleled researches into the Mercedes engines conducted Anthony Fokker in Germany who was from  Holland and Heinrich Focke b. 1890. About details and photos of the MERCEDES aviation engines or on the  Mercedes-Daimler Motorengesellschaft from Stuttgart-Unterturkheim, see: "Jane's fighting Aircraft of World War I", by John  W. R. Taylor, England 1919 and London 1990 ("Studio Editions").   The War Department wants to procure large quantities an airplane's bullets and even in 1917 our Joint-stock company 'Deka' was commissioned 400 thousand 'bullets, to shoot from airplanes' but the plant in July passed this order the army. At present in 2007 "LSR Group planned to open 3 new first class business-centers. Electric City business centre of 340 thousand square metres was designed by architects Sergey Choban and Evgeny Gerasimov in 10, Medikov Prospect in St Petersburg, in the historic building of 'Duflon, Konstantinovich and Co' plant - 'Electric plant'. ... LSR Group founded in 1993, LSR Group is one of the leading real estate development, construction and building materials companies in Russia".  I  will take pains to collect information on all and  somebody who reads  need to know about.  You don't need to thank me; I'm happy to help whenever I can. I think that we are all  agreed in this matter, and therefore there needs no more words about it..   'Omsk Engine-Building Production Association' originates from the plant in Alexandrovsk /  Zaporizhia, a joint stock company 'Deka' and produces aviation piston engines of foreign models. Was restored in 1920.